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ASTM A240 vs JIS G4304: Stainless Steel Plate Standards — A Complete Cross-Reference for International Procurement
For international stainless steel procurement, ASTM A240 and JIS G4304 are two of the most frequently referenced standards for stainless steel plate and sheet products. Although both cover common stainless steel grades such as 304 and 316, they use different designation systems, testing practices, and procurement expectations.
Understanding the relationship between ASTM A240 and JIS G4304 helps purchasing engineers avoid material rejection, especially in Japanese EPC projects, automotive supply chains, and Southeast Asian industrial applications where JIS specifications remain widely referenced.
Teda Ganghua supplies stainless steel plates and coils according to international standards including ASTM, JIS, and equivalent specifications, with MTR documentation, grade verification, and customized export solutions.
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1. ASTM A240 and JIS G4304: What Are These Standards?
ASTM A240 — American Stainless Steel Plate Standard
ASTM A240 is the specification for chromium and chromium-nickel stainless steel plate, sheet, and strip products used globally.
It covers a wide range of stainless steel families:
- Austenitic stainless steels: 304, 316, 321, 347.
- Ferritic stainless steels: 430, 409, 446.
- Martensitic stainless steels.
- Duplex stainless steels such as 2205 and 2507.
JIS G4304 — Japanese Hot Rolled Stainless Steel Plate Standard
JIS G4304 specifies hot-rolled stainless steel plates and sheets under Japanese Industrial Standards.
It is commonly used in:
- Japanese engineering projects.
- Automotive supply chains.
- Japanese EPC contractors overseas.
- Industrial equipment manufactured according to JIS drawings.
2. ASTM A240 vs JIS G4304 Quick Comparison
| Comparison | ASTM A240 | JIS G4304 |
|---|---|---|
| Country/System | United States ASTM | Japan Industrial Standard |
| Product Scope | Plate, sheet and strip | Hot rolled stainless plate and sheet |
| Grade Naming | UNS / ASTM designation | SUS designation |
| Example Grade | UNS S30400 | SUS304 |
| Unit System | A240 inch system / A240M metric system | Metric SI system |
| Surface Finish | No.1 / 2D / 2B / BA | No.1 / 2D / 2B / BA |
| Tolerance | ASTM dimensional tolerance | Generally tighter Japanese tolerance requirements |
| Main Market | Global industrial procurement | Japan and Japanese-designed projects |
3. Stainless Steel Grade Naming Difference: UNS vs SUS
The biggest difference between ASTM and JIS is not the chemistry of the steel, but the naming system.
| Material | ASTM / UNS Designation | JIS Designation |
|---|---|---|
| 304 Stainless Steel | UNS S30400 | SUS304 |
| 304L Stainless Steel | UNS S30403 | SUS304L |
| 316 Stainless Steel | UNS S31600 | SUS316 |
| 316L Stainless Steel | UNS S31603 | SUS316L |
| 321 Stainless Steel | UNS S32100 | SUS321 |
| 347 Stainless Steel | UNS S34700 | SUS347 |
| 430 Stainless Steel | UNS S43000 | SUS430 |
| 410 Stainless Steel | UNS S41000 | SUS410 |
| 2205 Duplex | UNS S32205/S31803 | SUS329J3L equivalent |
4. Chemical Composition Comparison: ASTM 304 vs JIS SUS304
In most commercial cases, ASTM A240 TP304 and JIS SUS304 have very similar chemical requirements.
| Element | ASTM A240 TP304 | JIS SUS304 |
|---|---|---|
| C | ≤0.08% | ≤0.08% |
| Cr | 18-20% | 18-20% |
| Ni | 8-10.5% | 8-10.5% |
| Mn | ≤2% | ≤2% |
This is why many suppliers can provide ASTM/JIS dual-certified stainless steel plates.
5. ASTM A240 vs JIS G4304 Surface Finish Comparison
Surface finish classification is one of the areas where ASTM and JIS standards are relatively close.
| Finish | Description | Common Application |
|---|---|---|
| No.1 | Hot rolled and pickled surface | Industrial tanks, heavy fabrication |
| 2D | Cold rolled matte finish | General industrial use |
| 2B | Smooth cold rolled finish | Most common stainless sheet finish |
| BA | Bright annealed finish | Decorative and appliance applications |
6. Why Japanese Projects Require Attention to JIS Standards
A common mistake in international procurement is assuming that equivalent chemistry always means acceptance.
For Japanese engineering projects:
- Drawings may specify SUS304 or SUS316L directly.
- Quality departments may request JIS documentation.
- Material substitution may require customer approval.
Even if ASTM A240 TP304 has equivalent chemistry, the project may require:
- JIS equivalency statement.
- Mill certificate comparison.
- Additional inspection records.
7. Can ASTM A240 Stainless Plate Meet JIS Requirements?
In many cases, yes. A large number of international stainless steel suppliers provide dual-certified material.
Example:
ASTM A240 TP316L Plate + JIS SUS316L Equivalency Statement + MTR
This approach is common in:
- Japanese EPC projects in Southeast Asia.
- Oil and chemical equipment projects.
- Food processing equipment.
- Pharmaceutical machinery.
8. Procurement Example: Japanese EPC Project
A Japanese engineering contractor requires:
SUS316L Stainless Steel Plate
A qualified supply solution may include:
- ASTM A240 TP316L stainless steel plate.
- Chemical composition matching SUS316L requirements.
- Mechanical property confirmation.
- MTR with traceability.
- JIS cross-reference declaration.
This allows international procurement while satisfying Japanese engineering requirements.
9. ASTM A240 vs JIS G4304 Selection Guide
| Project Type | Recommended Standard |
|---|---|
| Global industrial equipment | ASTM A240 |
| Japanese domestic project | JIS G4304 |
| Japanese EPC overseas project | ASTM A240 + JIS equivalency |
| Automotive OEM supply chain | Follow customer drawing requirement |
10. Teda Ganghua ASTM & JIS Stainless Steel Supply Capability
Teda Ganghua supports customers sourcing stainless steel plates and coils under multiple international standards:
- ASTM A240 stainless steel plate.
- JIS G4304 stainless steel plate.
- 304/304L/316/316L stainless grades.
- Duplex and special stainless steel materials.
- Surface finishing including 2B, BA and No.1.
- MTR documentation and international inspection support.
For projects requiring ASTM A240 and JIS G4304 compatibility, Teda Ganghua can help verify material equivalency, prepare documentation, and supply stainless steel products according to engineering requirements.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Is ASTM A240 TP304 the same as JIS SUS304?
They are very similar stainless steel grades with comparable chemical composition, but final acceptance depends on project specifications and documentation requirements.
Can ASTM stainless steel plate be used in Japanese projects?
Yes. Many Japanese overseas projects accept ASTM materials with proper equivalency documents and MTR verification.
What is the difference between SUS and UNS?
SUS is the Japanese grade designation system, while UNS is an international numbering system used widely in ASTM specifications.
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